Identifying the most important strengths for preventing and coping with adversity and 2 developing brief tools to assess these strengths. Further validation of the chronic pain coping inventory gabriel tan, quang nguyen, karen o. The cpci technology can be used in several testing situations including as a treatment outcome measure, as a screening measure, and to document the. The brief pain inventory ii software pdf manual download. The results indicate these two instruments measure similar but distinct constructs. The seeking social support scale assesses the frequency of coping with pain by talking. A primary measure of psychological flexibility has been the brief pain coping inventory 2 bpci2, and initial analyses have provided support for its utility in chronic pain treatment settings. This paper describes the development and validation of a measure of strategies used by. Development of the brief pain inventory the brief pain inventory bpi has become one of the most widely used measurement tools for assessing clinical pain. A 44item selfreport inventory that measures coping strategies of pain patients, composed of a 6 cognitive strategies, b 2 behavioral strategies, and c 2 effectiveness ratings. People who suffer from pain develop various ways to manage this pain. Page 16 morphine pretreated and opioid naive patients with transdermal fentanyl. Chronic pain coping inventory the cpci scales are divided into two general categories.
The basic aim of the bpi is to provide the information on the intensity of pain, along with the degree to which the pain interferes with the everyday. Pain research group, department of neurooncology, the university of texas md anderson cancer center. The 16 cpci items assess eight pain coping domains two items per domain, including relaxation, task persistence, exercisestrength, seeking social support, coping selfstatements, guarding, resting, and asking for assistance. Sample items from each of the cpci scales are listed below. The mcgill pain questionnaire short form sfmpq23 does not. Up to 93% of the women reported the mammogram examination was painful.
Provided as an educational service by 50678 92204 11. Wellnessfocused coping scales consist of exercisestretch, relaxation, task persistence, coping selfstatements, pacing. Further validation of the chronic pain coping inventory. Individuals with mild traumatic brain injury snell et al. A variety of selfexploration activities is provided for participants to determine which best suit their unique needs. Definition of brief pain inventory nci dictionary of.
Comparison of the effects of perceived selfefficacy on coping with chronic cancer pain and coping with chronic low back pain. The inventory includes some responses that are expected to be dysfunctional, as well as some that are expected to be functional. The brief pain inventory bpi has become one of the most widely used measurement tools for assessing clinical pain. Pijncoping inventarisatielijst pain coping inventory. Questionnaire csq,45 and chronic pain coping inven. Pdf coping strategies are among the psychosocial factors hypothesized to contribute to the. The multidimensional pain inventory mpi was constructed specifically for use with chronic pain patients. You do this by circling one of the possible answers behind the statement. The availability of a structure with fewer factors rather than the initial 14factor structure may be of interest for both healthcare professionals and researchers. The chronic pain coping inventory cpci is technology designed to assess and score the use of coping strategies that are typically targeted for change in multidisciplinary pain treatment programs. The pseq was described as a good measure of pain selfefficacy, not coping. Pain coping and the pain experience during mammography. Brief pain inventory short form indiana university. Brief pain inventory brief pain inventory short form.
The chronic pain coping inventory is an assessment used to assess a patients pain coping strategies. The pain coping measure most commonly used in research and clinical settings is the 70item chronic pain coping inventory jensen et al. Pdf user manual for the coping strategies inventory. Pain coping was measured with a modified version of the 16item version of the chronic pain coping inventory cpci. Coping strategies are among the psychosocial factors hypothesized to contribute to the development of chronic musculoskeletal disability.
It also includes at least 2 pairs of polaropposite tendencies. Psychometric characteristics of the pain coping inventory pci floris w. It was designed by our group to assess the types of selfmanagement behaviors specifically addressed in our treatment programs, and other programs that utilize cognitivebehavioral or behavioral approaches. Based on preliminary testing, the long form of the bpi was developed, followed by the short form. Selfreport measures assessing pain, painrelated beliefs. The chronic pain coping inventory cpci was developed to. May 2017 page 6 of 146 the parent report for toddlers pages 24 of the peeddssqqllttmm 4400 nggeen eerriicc sccoorre ssccaallees is composed of 21 items comprising 4 dimensions.
General activity 012345678910 does not interfere completely interferes b. Illnessfocused coping scales consist of guarding, resting, and asking for assistance. Although 100% consistency across multiple pain populations regarding the 0to10 ratings that represent mild, moderate, and severe pain has not been found, most often pain ratings between 1 and 4 indicate mild pain, scores of 5 or 6 indicate moderate pain, and ratings of 7 to 10 indicate severe pain serlin et al. Brief cope ptlds these items deal with ways you ve been coping with stress in your life. Psychological flexibility in coping with chronic pain. Developed as a measure of pain for cancer patients, the brief pain inventory bpi has become one of the most commonly used pain measures. Select the one number that describes how, during the past week, pain has interfered with your. Experience of and coping with lumbopelvic pain among. Steppedcare as an approach to manage chronic pain and its. The bpi allows patients to rate the severity of their pain and the degree to which their pain interferes with common dimensions of feeling and function. With colleagues in psychology and nursing, he also has developed and validated a number of other measures of individual differences e. Paper and pencil, online administration and scoring via pariconnect, software.
Brief pain inventory pain interference scale instructions. Brief pain inventory bpi spinal cord injury research. Requires the individual to indicate the number of days during the past week he or she used each of 70 coping strategies to deal with pain. Exploratory factor analysis provided excellent support for a 3factor structure of the brief cope for this population. Users should refer to the cpci professional manual for procedures and guidelines for the interpretation of this. The chronic pain coping inventory is an assessment used to assess a. It also asks questions about pain relief, pain quality, and the patients perception of the cause of pain. A 104item measure of pain coping responses and 3 measures of functioning were completed by 176 chronic pain patients. Throughout our lives, most of us have had pain from time to time such as minor headaches, sprains, and toothaches. Coping strategies diverting attention reinterpreting pain coping selfstatements ignoring pain. Item and scale analyses resulted in a 65item measure that assessed 11 pain coping.
Brief pain inventory self report the purpose of the questionnaire is to tell us about the severity of your pain and how the pain affects your day. Ratings of pain during the mammogram were collected using a 6point pain discomfort scale, a 100mm visual analog scale, the adjective checklist of the mcgill pain questionnaire, and the brief pain inventory. On the next pages are a number of statements about what you do or think when you are in pain. The brief cope inventory was adapted by carver 1997 and is an abbreviated version of the full cope inventory. Have you had pain other than these everyday kinds of pain during the last week. The brief cope is a 28item multidimensional measure of strategies used for coping or regulating cognitions in response to stressors. Paincoping strategies in chronic pain patients at the home page.
Mood 012345678910 does not interfere completely interferes c. Phase ii trials 4 hardy et al, j pain symptom manage 21. The measure of coping used in this study was the 18item brief pain coping inventory bpci. Brief coping with problems experienced rehabmeasures. Brief pain inventory bpi md anderson cancer center. The first iteration of this questionnaire was the wisconsin brief pain questionnaire. Very brief 1item and 2item per scale jensen, et al.
The cope inventory was developed to assess a broad range of coping responses, several of which had an explicit basis in theory. Scoring the brief pain inventory as an outcome measure. Chronic pain coping inventorytm psychological assessment. Preferred selfadministered questionnaires to assess fear. Cognitive appraisal and coping in chronic pain patients european journal of pain 2008.
The nci dictionary of cancer terms features 8,608 terms related to cancer and medicine we offer a widget that you can add to. Identifying the most important strengths for preventing and coping with adversity and 2 developing brief tools to. Evers this article presents a series of studies aimed at validating a comprehensive pain coping inventory pci that is applicable to various types of patients with chronic pain. We ask you to indicate how often you act or think as described. The brief cope inventory consists of only 28 statements, across two scales, and is more focused on understanding the frequency with which people use different coping strategies in response to various stressors. Multidisciplinary treatment programs for chronic pain typically emphasize the importance of decreasing maladaptive and encouraging adaptive coping. The mpi is professed to capture the multidimensionality of chronic pain across a. This abbreviated inventory based on the complete 60item cope inventory is comprised of items that assess the frequency with which a person uses different coping strategies e. The brief pain inventory md anderson cancer center.
The bpi was originally developed from a measure known as the wisconsin brief pain questionnaire. The brief coping orientation to problems experienced brief cope inventory is the most usual measure to identify the nature of coping strategies implemented by individuals and explore 14 coping strategies. Pdf pain coping strategies in chronic pain patients. We strongly urge the use of shorter versions of the cpci. Clinical assessment of behavioral coping responses. The brief pain inventory bpi is a selfadministered assessment tool used in pain management. Coping inventory for stressful situations a scale for measuring multidimensional coping 48 items. Twoweek retest data were provided by 111 of these patients. And although general experiences with the brief pain coping inventory were positive, it was not the preferred instrument to measure coping eg, i believe there are better measures of the behaviour patterns included here, particularly for research. It has been found to be an instrument that has been used to identify subgroups of patients and their coping styles. For example, the coping strategies questionnaire csq.